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子宮內膜異位癥痛經很厲害嗎？女性要小心內異癥合并不育

出處：媽媽育兒網 日期：2022-09-17 18:00:51 編輯：美清

在很多女士來看，經痛是他們難能可貴的感受，那類時強時弱、牽涉神經系統(tǒng)的小腹痙攣和疼痛贅漲，是他們務必咬緊牙忍下的命運?？墒菣嗤＜姨崾菊f，經痛盡管廣泛，但并不是“一切正?！敝饕憩F(xiàn)，尤其是中重度經痛很可能與子宮內膜異位癥相關。子宮內膜異位癥對女性生殖健康傷害非常大，不但是經痛的元兇，還可導致不孕癥。

很多年經痛原因是內異癥

取得醫(yī)院門診的B超匯報后，27歲的小亮被醫(yī)生判決得了了子宮內膜異位癥(內異癥)。

今年過年之后，小亮和丈夫逐漸方案懷孩子，為了更好地生下一個身心健康、聰慧的“高品質”小寶寶，夫婦準備準備懷孕做一個全身體檢。兩人原是滿懷“客客氣氣”的心理狀態(tài)去做檢查的，想不到卻確實發(fā)覺了難題———小亮身患子宮內膜異位癥，有可能不孕癥。醫(yī)生詢問后還獲知，小亮每一次來月經時都下腹部墜痛，疼痛難耐，因此迫不得已臥床休息，比較嚴重時還需要吃止疼片止疼?？墒?，小亮對這類疼痛早就見怪不怪，“不便是那麼幾日的事嗎？忍一忍也就過去?！笨舍t(yī)師就說，她承受了十多年的經痛實際上也是子宮內膜異位癥的“數(shù)據(jù)信號”。

子宮內膜異位癥就是指子宮子宮內膜機構(腺管和質間)在子宮腔之外的部位生長發(fā)育、侵潤、不斷流血，可產生節(jié)結及腫塊，造成疼痛、不育等。此病的患病率達3%-10%，以25-四十五歲孕產婦多見。

內異癥還可合并不育

子宮內膜異位癥的病癥隨紊亂子宮內膜的部位而不一樣，并與月經周期時間有密切相關。

1、疼痛：經痛是子宮內膜異位癥最普遍的臨床表現(xiàn)，典型性者為原發(fā)性，并漸變性加??；經痛大多數(shù)產生在經前、生理期，多見經前1-2天，生理期第一天最劇，月經整潔后疼痛減輕以至消退，疼痛多坐落于下腹和腰骰部，可放射性至陰道內、會陰部、肛門口、大腿根部，疼痛水平與疾病尺寸不一定正相關。別的疼痛主要表現(xiàn)為非生理期腹疼，如慢性盆腔痛；子宮卵巢內異癥襄腫裂開造成的急性腹痛；性交疼痛及其大便疼痛等。

2、不育：約50%的子宮內膜異位癥病人合拼不育，較一切正常女性不孕癥率高3倍多。子宮內膜異位癥導致不孕癥較為普遍的緣故有兩個，一方面，子宮內膜異位癥自身會導致泌尿系統(tǒng)的黏連，使雙側輸卵管、子宮的部位越來越跟一切正常不一樣，這個時候難以孕期；另一方面，因為這一病癥自身更改卵巢，促使患子宮內膜異位癥的人沒有一切正常地排卵期，排卵期不太好就難孕期。

3、月經出現(xiàn)異常：極少數(shù)病人很有可能發(fā)生月經量增加，月經時間長或月經混亂，也可以有經前點滴出血。

4、盆腔包塊：子宮內膜異位癥最常產生的部位是子宮卵巢，子宮卵巢內的紊亂子宮內膜不斷流血，產生襄腫，襄腫含有褐黑色黏糊狀老舊血，似朱古力液態(tài)，故名子宮卵巢朱古力樣襄腫。

5、獨特部位內異癥：消化系統(tǒng)內異癥，主要表現(xiàn)為便量增加或嚴重便秘、大便出血、大便痛等病癥。泌尿系統(tǒng)內異癥，可有尿頻尿急、尿疼、尿血及腰疼，乃至導致泌尿系統(tǒng)梗塞及腎臟功能阻礙。呼吸系統(tǒng)內異癥，生理期咳血及氣胸。

6、疤痕內異癥：腹腔剖腹產等術后創(chuàng)口疤痕處節(jié)結，生理期擴大，疼痛加??；會陰部創(chuàng)口或創(chuàng)口疤痕節(jié)結，生理期擴大，疼痛加劇。

很有可能與月經逆流相關

子宮內膜異位癥發(fā)病機制不確立，一般覺得很有可能與月經逆流相關。

避免 月經逆流應留意：對先天生殖系統(tǒng)畸型如陰道橫隔、狹小、宮頸管粘連等造成月經儲留者，應立即手術治療；月生理期一般未作骨盆查驗，降低對子宮的擠壓成型，防止月經逆流；各種各樣雙側輸卵管順暢實驗、子宮及陰道手術應防止在月經月經來潮前實際操作，以防將子宮子宮內膜送入腹部及其月經月經來潮時掉下來的子宮子宮內膜栽種在并未痊愈的手術治療創(chuàng)口上，應在月經整潔后3-7天內開展；盡量防止懷孕中期剖宮取胎；降低人流手術等。

內異癥能夠產生惡化，發(fā)病率為0.5%-1%。病人有下列狀況應保持警惕：襄腫直徑超過10cm或短時間顯著擴大；閉經后發(fā)作；疼痛規(guī)律更改，經痛進度或呈延續(xù)性；影象查驗有實性或乳頭狀瘤構造，彩色多普勒超聲波疾病血液豐富多彩，摩擦阻力指數(shù)值(RI)低；血清蛋白CA125顯著上升(>200KIU/L)。

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