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造成胎兒臀位的原因以及危害 三招幫你轉正胎位

出處：媽媽育兒網 日期：2016-04-08 10:39:24 編輯：Anata

臀位是常見的異常胎位之一。妊娠30周前臀位較多，不應視為異常；30周后多能自然回轉胎兒臀位成頭位，持續(xù)呈臀位者約占分娩總數的3-4%。

臀位分娩對胎兒危險性較大， 易發(fā)生臍帶脫垂、胎臂上舉、后出頭困難等。臀位處理不當時易造成死產、新生兒窒息、 顱內出血、產傷等。其圍產兒死亡率比枕前位高3-8倍。臀位以骶骨為指示點，分骶左 前、骶左橫、骶左后、骶右前、骶右橫、骶右后六種方位。根據先露的種類又分單臀位 (又稱腿直臀位)、完全臀位(又稱混合臀位或復合臀先露)及不完全臀位。

 

懷孕36周左右，大部分的胎寶寶就會轉變成頭部朝下的頭位。這是分娩正常及最安全的胎位。據統(tǒng)計，有大約4%的胎寶寶在。懷孕的后期不能自然地轉變胎位，從而引起了臀位分娩。臀位一般在產前檢查就可以查出，并由醫(yī)生干預矯正，若沒有檢查，懷孕36周或以上，如果你感覺到胎寶寶的頭部位置向上推進或者腳會踢到你的下腹的話，就要立刻找醫(yī)生進行仔細檢查，以便及時矯正。   

妊娠末期胎兒保持臀位，這也是早產的原因。大約30％的早產都是臀位，但37周出生只有3%－4％的為臀位。體形大或小的胎兒臀位常見，如果是雙胞胎，那么一個胎兒經常是臀位，且30－32周前胎兒臀位常見。但在出生前大多能變?yōu)轭^位。

臀位是最常見的異常胎位，其形成的原因主要有： 

1、胎寶寶在宮腔內活動過大

比如準媽媽腹壁松弛、羊水過多或胎寶寶較小等，使胎寶寶在宮腔內活動過于自由。   

2、胎寶寶在宮腔內活動受限

比如初孕婦女腹壁緊張。雙胎、羊水過少及子宮畸形等，影響胎頭不能自然下轉。

3、胎頭銜接受阻

比如骨盆狹窄、頭盆不稱、前置胎盤、軟產道阻塞及臍帶過短等。 

4、胎寶寶畸形

如腦積水、無腦兒等，皆不能以胎頭銜接人盆。這些原因通過婦科及B超檢查，大多能夠及時發(fā)現并妥善處理。

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