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乙肝肝硬化會(huì)傳染嘛？需要注意些什么？

出處：網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集 日期：2024-06-22 10:25:00 編輯：秩名

乙肝肝硬化傳染嗎

我們都知道乙肝、丙肝等病毒性肝炎都是具有傳染性質(zhì)的，那么乙肝肝硬化會(huì)傳染嗎，我們一起來(lái)探討一下。
 
若肝硬化患者是長(zhǎng)期感染乙肝、丙肝等肝炎病毒而引起的肝炎后肝硬化，這種肝硬化是具有傳染性的。這種情況下肝硬化的傳染途徑與病毒性肝炎的相同，主要是通過(guò)血液傳染、母嬰垂直傳播及性傳播，而像日常的一般接觸，如握手、交談、禮儀接吻、在一起共事等等，是不會(huì)導(dǎo)致乙肝或丙肝病毒傳染的。
 
需要強(qiáng)調(diào)是：即使有傳染性的肝硬化其有傳染性的是肝炎病毒，而不是早期肝硬化本身。
 
由非肝炎病毒引起的藥物性、酒精性、脂肪性肝病引起的肝硬化，是不具有傳染性的。因而其肝硬化的患者及其家屬不必?fù)?dān)心傳染性的問(wèn)題，以免因不必要的擔(dān)心而加重肝硬化患者的心理負(fù)擔(dān)，而不利于病情的恢復(fù)，但應(yīng)積極治療和控制原發(fā)病，去除病因，最大限度的逆轉(zhuǎn)和控制疾病的發(fā)展。
 

乙肝肝硬化傳染的途徑有哪些

一般來(lái)說(shuō)，乙肝肝硬化也是具有一定的感染性的。具體是通過(guò)母嬰垂直傳播，日常生活接觸，母嬰垂直，血液等途徑進(jìn)行傳播的。

 

乙肝肝硬化的傳染途徑：

 
1、性接觸傳播：因?yàn)閿y帶有乙肝肝硬化病毒，通過(guò)性生活很容易傳染給對(duì)方，特別在夫妻之間，這咱傳染非常常見(jiàn)。另外在其它不良性行為中，這種傳染也有很高的發(fā)生率。因此，乙型肝炎也是一種性傳播疾病。
 
2、日常生活接觸傳播：因?yàn)槿嗽谌粘Ｉ钪薪?jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些小的皮膚或粘膜破損，這時(shí)如果密切接觸攜帶乙肝肝硬化病毒或被病毒污染的器具、物品、鈔票等，病毒就有可能進(jìn)入人體造成感染。
 
3、血液傳播：主要是通過(guò)輸血、不潔注射器注射，或通過(guò)未經(jīng)嚴(yán)格生態(tài)消毒的醫(yī)療、理發(fā)、美容器具傳染。
 
4、母嬰垂直傳播：指的是攜帶乙肝病毒的母親通過(guò)懷孕和分娩過(guò)程傳染嬰兒或胎兒。如果兄弟姐妹中不只一人患有乙肝乙肝肝硬化，大多是通過(guò)這種方式傳染的。
 

乙肝肝硬化診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

乙肝肝硬化是具有一個(gè)明確的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，尤其是在早期，發(fā)現(xiàn)的越早有治療效果就越好，那么它的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下：
 
1、肝功能可能正常或有輕度異常。
 
2、肝纖維四項(xiàng)檢查絕大多數(shù)有明顯異常。
 
3、HBV-DNA檢查有病毒復(fù)制。
 
4、肝臟超聲波檢查：
 
（1）在排除脂肪肝和其他的肝病情況下肝臟內(nèi)血管顯示不清晰。
 
（2）門靜脈內(nèi)徑≥1.3cm。
 
（3）脾臟厚度大于4.0cm。
 
由于一次肝穿刺所做的組織病理檢查結(jié)果往往有很大的不確定性，且患者很難反復(fù)接受這樣的創(chuàng)傷性檢查，因此，采用無(wú)創(chuàng)傷性檢查往往是最合適的，從臨床治療學(xué)的角度講，這樣做能夠盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)乙肝患者是否出現(xiàn)肝硬化狀況，因而是很有必要的。
 

乙肝肝硬化的護(hù)理

乙肝患者出現(xiàn)肝硬化是乙肝病情沒(méi)有得到及時(shí)的控制，乙肝病毒大量復(fù)制，導(dǎo)致肝臟損傷嚴(yán)重，發(fā)生了實(shí)質(zhì)性的變化，引起纖維組織增生，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致肝硬化的出現(xiàn)。
 
乙肝患者肝硬化的治療，先要做的重點(diǎn)就是早診斷、早治療。乙肝患者出現(xiàn)肝硬化如果發(fā)現(xiàn)的及時(shí)，治療的科學(xué)，在配合日常的肝臟保健，是有很大的幾率實(shí)現(xiàn)逆轉(zhuǎn)。希望患者在肝硬化的治療中，能夠切實(shí)配合醫(yī)囑，不可盲目用藥。
 
早期肝硬化的治療：早期肝硬化患者不宜過(guò)多長(zhǎng)期盲目用藥。應(yīng)該針對(duì)病因給予治療。如果是酒精性肝病及藥物性肝病，應(yīng)終止飲酒及停用中毒藥物。根據(jù)病情的需要適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充多種維生素，另外加上保肝藥物治療。早期肝硬化這還需要給予高蛋白、高熱量、高維生素的混合型飲食搭配。
 

乙肝肝硬化的食療方法

乙肝肝硬化是個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，處理不好會(huì)使病情加劇，甚至?xí)袀魅镜目赡?，那么怎么吃能緩解病情，達(dá)到食療的效果呢，我們來(lái)看看吧！
 
1、紅花化瘀湯
 
用料：紅花6克，桃仁9克，丹參30克，穿山甲9克，當(dāng)歸10克，赤芍10克，丹皮6克，白術(shù)10克，澤瀉9克，素馨花9克，牡蠣30克（先煎）。
 
作法：水煎服，每日1劑。
 
主治：氣滯血瘀型肝硬化。證見(jiàn)兩脅悶脹，脅下痞塊，蜘蛛痣，肝掌，或腹壁青筋暴露，食欲減退，舌質(zhì)紫暗或有瘀點(diǎn)，瘀斑，脈弦細(xì)澀。
 
2、佛手花疏肝湯
 
用料：佛手花9克，素馨花9克，白芍30克，炙甘草6克，黨參30克，白術(shù)10克，茯苓15克。
 
作法：水煎服，每日1-2劑。
 
主治：肝郁脾虛型肝硬化。證見(jiàn)神疲乏力，食欲減退，胸腹悶脹，兩脅脹痛，噯氣不舒，急躁易怒，時(shí)惡心嘔吐，舌質(zhì)淡紅，苔白，脈弦。
 
3、四花利濕湯
 
用料：木棉花15克，雞蛋花9克，蒼術(shù)9克，厚樸花6克，茯苓30克，澤瀉9克，蕪花9克，甘草6克。
 
作法：水煎服，每日1-2劑。
 
主治：水濕內(nèi)阻型肝硬化。證見(jiàn)腹脹如鼓，按之堅(jiān)滿，如囊裹水，納呆，脘悶，惡心嘔吐，小便短少，舌質(zhì)淡紅，苔白，脈細(xì)緩。

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