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高危產(chǎn)婦需要做哪些檢查？需要注意些什么？

出處：網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集 日期：2024-06-13 01:40:24 編輯：秩名

高危產(chǎn)婦需做哪些檢查

對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦，在孕期的檢查中比其他正常的產(chǎn)婦更加需要特別注意，也要增加產(chǎn)檢的頻率，每時(shí)每刻都關(guān)注自己的身體狀況。究竟對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦而言，在孕檢的時(shí)候有什么需要檢查的呢？我們快來(lái)看看吧。
 
1、超聲波檢查：對(duì)于超聲波檢查一般需要檢查兩次，一次在懷孕12周的時(shí)候，另一次就是在20周的時(shí)候。這項(xiàng)檢查可以檢查胎兒是否有什么發(fā)育異常的情況出現(xiàn)，以及確定懷孕的日期；
 
2、唐氏篩查：檢查的時(shí)間為懷孕16周左右，提取孕婦的血液，檢查血液中含有的每種物質(zhì)的量以及相應(yīng)的濃度；
 
3、羊水穿刺：在懷孕20周之后需呀做羊水穿刺。這項(xiàng)檢查可以直接得出染色體的數(shù)量，有檢查結(jié)果也可以知道到底胎兒發(fā)育是否是正常的；
 
4、甲胎蛋白檢測(cè)：檢查時(shí)間是孕媽媽懷孕16周左右，用來(lái)測(cè)定孕婦血液中的甲胎蛋白水平。
 

高危產(chǎn)婦是什么

相信很多人對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦的第一印象就是高齡產(chǎn)婦，那么究竟高危產(chǎn)婦與高齡產(chǎn)婦之間是不是可以直接劃等號(hào)的呢？高危產(chǎn)婦指的是什么產(chǎn)婦呢？快來(lái)看看吧。
 
高危產(chǎn)婦包括的人群：
 
1、妊娠初期曾經(jīng)接觸過(guò)致畸物質(zhì)的孕婦：        2、患有原發(fā)性高血壓、肝炎、糖尿病等疾病的孕婦。由于在懷孕的過(guò)程中，身體內(nèi)各系統(tǒng)為了維持本來(lái)的生理變化狀態(tài)，特別是對(duì)于心血管系統(tǒng)、肝臟腎，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致這些器官負(fù)擔(dān)量加重，也會(huì)加重患者原有的病情，導(dǎo)致手術(shù)的危險(xiǎn)系數(shù)增加；
 
3、曾經(jīng)有過(guò)不良孕產(chǎn)史的孕婦：對(duì)于曾經(jīng)流產(chǎn)、早產(chǎn)等的孕婦患者，曾經(jīng)患有不育經(jīng)過(guò)治療之后成功懷孕的孕婦。她們?cè)谠俅稳焉锏臅r(shí)候出現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)的可能性會(huì)有所增加。
 
孕前、孕后高危的因素
相信很多處于妊娠時(shí)期的孕媽媽都曾經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)高危妊娠的情況，其實(shí)導(dǎo)致高危妊娠的原因有很多種，最主要的原因就是孕前高危因素和孕后高危因素這兩個(gè)原因。這兩個(gè)原因具體是指什么？我們快來(lái)看看吧。
 
孕前高危因素：
 
1、年齡：孕婦的年齡低于16歲或者超過(guò)35歲；
 
2、身高：身高在145cm一下；
 
3、體重：對(duì)于在40斤以下或者超過(guò)85公斤的孕婦；
 
4、體質(zhì)較差，特別是在懷孕之前過(guò)于肥胖、有遺傳家族病史或者是營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良等；
 
5、曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)異常的孕產(chǎn)史。
 

孕后高危因素：

 
1、孕婦在妊娠時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了異常的情況，例如胎盤早剝、羊水過(guò)多或過(guò)少、胎位不正等情況；
 
2、妊娠合并癥，例如妊娠糖尿病、妊娠高血壓綜合征等；
 
3、曾經(jīng)有與有害物質(zhì)有接觸，例如農(nóng)藥、化學(xué)性毒藥等。。
 
高危產(chǎn)婦的注意事項(xiàng)
在醫(yī)學(xué)研究地面，是建議女性想要生寶寶盡量在35歲之前生育。但是醫(yī)學(xué)越來(lái)越進(jìn)步和發(fā)達(dá)，最適宜生寶寶的年齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)變得模糊了起來(lái)，有的甚至到了60歲還可以懷孕生寶寶。但是，女性在超過(guò)了35歲之后就會(huì)被貼上了高危產(chǎn)婦的標(biāo)簽。那么對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦而言，有什么需要注意的呢？我們快來(lái)看看吧。
 
1、要提前做好檢查，最好是在3個(gè)月之前做一次較為全面的孕前檢查，衡量一下自己的身體狀況，以及卵巢、子宮等生理狀況；
 
2、在懷孕過(guò)程中要定期進(jìn)行孕檢，對(duì)于高危孕婦，特別要注意檢查羊水穿刺、胎兒畸形B超篩查、胎兒超聲心動(dòng)圖等。如果在孕期出現(xiàn)了不適，一定要及時(shí)去醫(yī)院向醫(yī)生咨詢和進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的檢查。而且妊娠并發(fā)癥的出現(xiàn)，主要原因是孕婦沒(méi)有預(yù)防的意識(shí)，這樣很容易出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。
 
3、注意體重的控制，對(duì)于患有妊娠糖尿病、高血壓的患者可以對(duì)體重進(jìn)行調(diào)整，從而控制相應(yīng)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生的可能性。
 

高危孕婦會(huì)出現(xiàn)的并發(fā)癥

對(duì)于高危產(chǎn)婦而言，在懷孕過(guò)程中，需要注意的事情比一般產(chǎn)婦要增加很多，而且也很容易出現(xiàn)各種的并發(fā)癥，可能出現(xiàn)的并發(fā)癥，包括胎膜早破、胎兒窘迫等。下面就為大家分享一下各種并發(fā)癥具體的癥狀。大家快來(lái)看看吧。
 
1、胎膜早破
 
胎膜早破又被稱之為早破水，也就說(shuō)在胎兒還沒(méi)有足月的時(shí)候，胎膜就破裂了，是孕婦在妊娠期內(nèi)較為常見(jiàn)的并發(fā)癥。在懷孕期間內(nèi)，任何事情都可能會(huì)有胎膜早破的現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)，但是更多出現(xiàn)在中后期。會(huì)給胎兒造成較為嚴(yán)重的后果，例如導(dǎo)致早產(chǎn)、圍生兒死亡率增加等；
 
2、胎兒窘迫
 
胎兒窘迫也就是指胎兒在子宮內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了缺氧的癥狀，對(duì)胎兒的健康會(huì)帶來(lái)很大的影響。如果胎兒得不到充足的氧氣，就可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致胎兒生長(zhǎng)遲緩，嚴(yán)重者可致死亡。胎兒在宮內(nèi)有缺氧征象，危及胎兒健康和生命，稱為胎兒窘迫。胎兒窘迫是一種綜合癥狀，是當(dāng)前剖宮產(chǎn)的主要原因之一，發(fā)生率為2.7%～38.5%。胎兒窘迫多因胎盤功能不全導(dǎo)致。胎兒得不到足夠的供氧，引起胎兒生長(zhǎng)遲緩、紅細(xì)胞增多癥、胎動(dòng)減少，嚴(yán)重時(shí)甚至引起胎兒死亡。

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