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羊水栓塞該順產(chǎn)or剖腹產(chǎn) 這些孕婦是羊水栓塞高發(fā)人群

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng) 日期：2016-12-05 16:45:35 編輯：七七

對于咱們的孕媽媽來講，自從懷了寶寶之后，在很多事情上面，咱們的孕媽媽都變得小心翼翼，就害怕因為自己的一不小心，傷害到了肚子里的寶寶。

不過有些事情，不說是什么機緣巧合或者是宿命安排，有些東西即使是你整天避開它，她也可能會纏上你。就拿孕媽媽們都害怕的羊水栓塞來講，有不少的媽媽就因為它而整個孕期都變得誠惶誠恐。

為啥呢？那是因為羊水栓塞的死亡率非常高，所以導致許多孕婦很惶恐是真的。

羊水栓塞的定義

羊水栓塞是指在分娩過程中羊水突然進入母體血液循環(huán)引起急性肺栓塞，過敏性休克，彌散性血管內(nèi)凝血，腎功能衰竭或猝死的嚴重的分娩期并發(fā)癥。

發(fā)病率為4/10萬～6/10萬，羊水栓塞是由于污染羊水中的有形物質(zhì)（胎兒毳毛，角化上皮，胎脂，胎糞）和促凝物質(zhì)進入母體血液循環(huán)引起。近年研究認為，羊水栓塞主要是過敏反應，是羊水進入母體循環(huán)后，引起母體對胎兒抗原產(chǎn)生的一系列過敏反應，故建議命名為“妊娠過敏反應綜合征”。

羊水栓塞的病因

羊水栓塞多發(fā)生在產(chǎn)時或破膜時，亦可發(fā)生于產(chǎn)后，多見于足月產(chǎn)，但也見于中期引產(chǎn)或鉗刮術中，大多發(fā)病突然，病情兇險。

羊水栓塞的發(fā)生通常需要具備以下基本條件：

羊膜腔內(nèi)壓力增高（子宮收縮過強或強直性子宮收縮）；胎膜破裂（其中2/3為胎膜早破，1/3為胎膜自破）；宮頸或?qū)m體損傷處有開放的靜脈或血竇。

發(fā)生羊水栓塞通常有以下誘因：

經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦居多；多有胎膜早破或人工破膜史；常見于宮縮過強或縮宮素（催產(chǎn)素）應用不當；胎盤早期剝離、前置胎盤、子宮破裂或手術產(chǎn)易發(fā)生羊水栓塞。

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