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水中分娩好嗎 解密水中分娩你所不知道的一面(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng) 日期：2011-09-07 14:57:11 編輯：admin

但也有風險：

如果操作不規(guī)范，就有可能出現(xiàn)意外。國內有家醫(yī)院在進行水中分娩時竟然出現(xiàn)新生兒尚在水下，助產(chǎn)士就進行斷臍這種低級錯誤!說明規(guī)范操作是非常重要的!其他如在胎兒娩出的時候，如新生兒身體的一部分先露出水面，冷空氣(一般比體溫低10度左右)就會刺激新生兒產(chǎn)生自主呼吸，胸腔的呼吸系統(tǒng)就開始工作，如果這個時候嬰兒還在水中，可能將會帶來嚴重后果，新西蘭的婦產(chǎn)科專家就發(fā)現(xiàn)有新生兒在水中分娩時幾乎被溺斃，出現(xiàn)中重度的呼吸問題，雖然經(jīng)過搶救，沒有造成永久性傷害，但仍然要引起重視。一般來說嬰兒出生后在水中的停留時間不要超過一分鐘。另外，從產(chǎn)婦身體里流出的血液和分泌物可能導致細菌感染，這就要求分娩缸能在分娩的過程中進行水的置換，以達到排放、稀釋的目的，減少感染的機會。

也有不少專家認為水中分娩不宜在中國推廣：

1.中國孕產(chǎn)婦多：水中分娩目前只能在一些有條件的大醫(yī)院開展，但是這樣的醫(yī)院孕婦待產(chǎn)率高，水中分娩設備有限，所以為水中分娩產(chǎn)婦準備的分娩設備、用具等的消毒和各種準備，勞務費時，無形中加大醫(yī)院的工作量，可能會降低醫(yī)療質量。

2.中國婦女和國外尤其是歐美國家婦女生理、形體有所不同：歐美國家孕婦形體較高，骨盆產(chǎn)道出口較為寬裕，所以歐美國家孕婦水中分娩具有天然的“解剖”優(yōu)勢。另外，歐美國家經(jīng)產(chǎn)孕婦較多，臨產(chǎn)后產(chǎn)程進展快，也為水中分娩提供了安全保障，而在中國，孕產(chǎn)婦多為初產(chǎn)婦，分娩第一胎時，產(chǎn)程長，產(chǎn)道及會陰條件較經(jīng)產(chǎn)婦差。產(chǎn)程長就不利于水中分娩時進行胎心監(jiān)測、產(chǎn)程進展監(jiān)測和產(chǎn)后新生兒搶救與復蘇，不能及時發(fā)現(xiàn)胎兒宮內窘迫尤其是胎糞型胎兒宮內窘迫。如果出現(xiàn)胎兒宮內窘迫，需行急診剖宮產(chǎn)終止妊娠時，出現(xiàn)宮內感染，傷口感染的幾率會增加。

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