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產后腰痛這個鍋 無痛分娩不背

出處:網絡收集 日期:2024-07-21 13:45:58 編輯:秩名
產后腰痛這個鍋 無痛分娩不背
 
  生娃很痛,順產很痛,這種疼痛被認為是人類所經歷的最強疼痛之一。有醫(yī)學疼痛指數(shù)表明,產痛僅次于燒灼傷痛位居第二。
 
  不過現(xiàn)在可接發(fā)達了,有了無痛分娩,可以緩解很多痛感了。在歐美國家,無痛分娩比例高達80%以上,而在中國目前還不到10%,造成這樣的原因有很多。
 
  因為一說到無痛分娩,便會出現(xiàn)各種質疑的聲音——
 
  @不開心的笑笑:老公的阿姨說無痛分娩不好,結果就堅持不讓我打無痛。
 
  @咔咔:婆婆說無痛分娩對寶寶不好,讓我忍著生~
 
  @七哥:身邊用過無痛的閨蜜說有后遺癥,產后會腰痛……
 

  ▎科學解析:何為無痛分娩?

 
  通常所說的“無痛分娩”,在醫(yī)學上稱為“分娩鎮(zhèn)痛”,是使用各種方法使分娩時的疼痛減輕甚至消失。分娩鎮(zhèn)痛可以讓準媽媽們不再經歷疼痛的折磨,減少分娩時的恐懼和產后的疲倦,讓她們在時間最長的第一產程得到休息。當宮口開全時,因積攢了體力而有足夠力量完成分娩。
 
  無痛分娩常用硬膜外麻醉,醫(yī)生在分娩媽媽的腰部硬膜外腔放置藥管,藥管中麻醉藥的濃度大約相當于剖宮產的十分之一或更少,即淡淡的麻醉藥,是很安全的。其藥物的濃度和劑量遠遠低于剖宮產手術麻醉的量,經由胎盤吸收的藥物量微乎其微,對胎兒并無不良影響。
 

  ▎產后腰痛,真的是無痛分娩搞的鬼?

 
  即便無痛分娩技術已經很成熟很安全了。但是在上無痛前,產婦及家屬也會發(fā)出質疑,擔心無痛分娩會對腰部產生后遺癥,落下腰痛的病根。這是真的嗎?
 
  在無痛手術結束后,一些人會感覺穿刺點有一些局部的鈍痛,但和一般的靜脈針眼一樣,隨著組織的修復,一般只會持續(xù)數(shù)天。這種疼痛很少會痛到需要口服止痛藥的程度。而進針部位剛好就在腰部,因此大家便會自然地聯(lián)想到是因為上了無痛的原因。
 
  對于這個疑惑,科學家們通過專業(yè)的試驗告訴大家,產后腰痛和無痛分娩并沒直接關系。
 
  2012年英國著名的薈萃分析,收集了世界范圍內有關這方面的研究,三個累計1806位產婦的研究,完全否定了腰痛與硬膜外鎮(zhèn)痛有關的假設,同時也讓大家知道,產后腰痛的發(fā)生率在40%左右。
 

  ▎那么,產后腰痛的真兇究竟是誰?

 
  既然腰痛和無痛分娩沒關系,那么誰才是真兇呢?有以下幾個原因,一起來看看——
 
  ♦內分泌系統(tǒng)發(fā)生變化
 
  懷孕期間,準媽媽的內分泌發(fā)生了很大的變化,連接骨盆的韌帶也變得松弛,加上孕期胎兒的發(fā)育生長,子宮在慢慢變大,使得產婦腰部的支撐力逐漸增加,進而導致骶棘韌帶松弛,引起腰痛。而生娃之后,內分泌不會即刻變回孕前的水平,因此骨盆韌帶還會繼續(xù)松弛一段時間,腹部肌肉也變得較軟弱無力,子宮未能很快完全復位,引起腰痛。
 
  ♦生產過程導致
 
  順產的第二產程,準媽媽為了順利分娩,在產床上堅持了數(shù)小時的分娩姿勢,拼命用力,給腰部造成巨大的負擔,這也會造成腰痛。
 
  ♦產后勞累造成
 
  生完之后,一些新媽沒有太注意休息,依然干活,抱娃,洗衣服洗尿布做家務,經常彎腰對于產后身體的恢復沒有好處,甚至會影響惡露的排出,進而引起盆腔血液淤積,導致腰痛。
 
  ♦產后運動量少
 
  相反的,一些新媽為了好好養(yǎng)身體,長時間臥床休息,運動量不夠,加之產后營養(yǎng)豐富,體重飆升,腹部贅肉增多,增大了腰部肌肉的負荷,也會造成腰痛哦。
 
  ♦產后久站、久蹲、久坐
 
  產后經常久站、久蹲、久坐或束腰過緊等,都可導致腰肌勞損,誘發(fā)腰痛。
 
  ♦不正確的喂奶姿勢
 
  一些不正確的喂奶姿勢,不僅新媽辛苦,還會讓腰部處于不放松的狀態(tài),腰部肌肉受到損傷。
 
  ♦子宮脫垂
 
  正常的子宮的正常位置是前傾、前屈的,如果產后不注意正確的調理,出現(xiàn)子宮脫垂的情況,就會沿陰道向下移位,引起腰痛。
 

  ▎這樣做,趕走產后腰痛

 
  1.產后避免久站久蹲彎腰:最好是有一個臺子讓新媽媽不必彎腰也可以照顧新生兒,一些孩子的用品需要放在新媽媽伸手就可以夠到的地方,讓準媽媽不必彎腰就可以拿到。
 
  2.正確的喂奶姿勢:比如將一只腳放在腳踏上或者是身體靠在椅子背上,最好在膝上放一個枕頭抬高寶貝,這樣還可承受重量。把寶貝放在腿上,讓頭枕著媽咪的胳膊,媽咪可舒服地用手臂托著寶貝的后背,讓臉和胸靠近媽咪,下頜緊貼著乳房。
 
  3.注意防護腰部:產后需要及時休息,平時注意腰部保暖;避免長時間臥床,產后二周可以進行加強腰部肌肉的運動,增加腰椎的穩(wěn)定性,比如做仰臥起坐等;注意勞逸結合,避免提過重的東西或者是舉過重的東西;注意控制體重;飲食上多吃一些牛奶、米糠、麩皮、胡蘿卜等富含C、D和B族維生素食物,多吃一些素質避免骨質疏松的出現(xiàn)。
 
  綜上所述,產后腰痛的原因有很多,但是和無痛分娩并沒有直接的關系。因此,無痛分娩不背這個鍋,大家在選擇無痛分娩的時候,不用質疑產后腰痛這個問題,可以放心使用呢。

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