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寶寶過量補鋅好不好？會不會對寶寶造成影響？

出處：網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集日期：2024-07-11 14:23:40編輯：秩名

嬰兒補鋅過量是什么意思

嬰兒補鋅過量，顧名思義就是父母在給孩子補充鋅元素的時候沒有按照相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用量來補充。不同年齡的寶寶對于鋅元素的需求也是有所不同的，但是不少父母對于這些微量元素的認(rèn)知不夠，給寶寶盲目大補特補，導(dǎo)致適得其反的后果。嬰兒補鋅過量不但難以達到理想的效果，還會影響寶寶的健康發(fā)育。
 
不少家長對于嬰兒補鋅知識的了解都存在一定的誤區(qū)，認(rèn)為這些元素補充多了對身體也是有益無害的。其實并非如此，任何一樣營養(yǎng)素補充過多都可能會帶來負(fù)面影響。有些父母在發(fā)現(xiàn)寶寶缺鋅之后盲目給寶寶缺鋅，而且持續(xù)時間太長，實際上可能寶寶已經(jīng)不需要再補充了；有些父母則是認(rèn)為不補不放心，明明寶寶的飲食中的鋅已經(jīng)足夠，還是通過給寶寶服用各種鋅劑來補充。希望寶寶快高長大，通過給服用補鋅產(chǎn)品來補充鋅，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)過量補鈣直接引起寶寶不適，這樣的情況并不少見。實際上，補鈣是需要按照寶寶的實際需求來補充的，而不是越多越好！家長們可要注意了！
 

嬰兒補鋅過量的表現(xiàn)

缺鋅可能會導(dǎo)致寶寶有厭食、多動、生長緩慢這些癥狀，但是如果給嬰兒補鋅過量也同樣會引起寶寶的不適。鋅元素作為一種人體必備的微量元素，對于寶寶的生長發(fā)育固然重要，但是其實寶寶成長發(fā)育每天對鋅的需求量并不大。對于不是明顯缺鋅的寶寶來說，額外補充，甚至補充過多都并不是一件好事。嬰兒補鋅過量的表現(xiàn)有哪些？
 
一般來說，如果攝入過多的鋅元素，寶寶可能會出現(xiàn)惡心、嘔吐、腹痛、腹瀉等胃腸道的癥狀。另外，寶寶體內(nèi)的鋅過量也會引起發(fā)燒、貧血、生長受阻、關(guān)節(jié)出血、骨骼分解等等病癥。這些表現(xiàn)看似尋常，但實際上會對寶寶的發(fā)育造成一定的影響的。因為寶寶在成長過程中也可能會經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)以上的癥狀，所以不少媽媽可能會輕視，以為沒有什么大問題，忽視了這些癥狀很可能是補鋅過量引起的。所以在補鋅的過程中，媽媽們一定要密切關(guān)注寶寶的身體狀況，看看寶寶是否有反常的表現(xiàn)、明顯不適的癥狀，如果有就要停止補鋅了。
 

嬰兒補鋅過量的危害

雖然鋅元素有“生命的火花”、“智力之源”的稱號，但是實際上作為一種微量元素，人體每天的需求量并不大。寶寶在成長發(fā)育過程中需要鋅元素的只吃，但是其實只要母乳喂養(yǎng)的寶寶，或者是飲食均衡的寶寶都不大可能會缺鋅。對于不缺鋅的寶寶來說，額外補充有可能會造成體內(nèi)鋅過量，從而引發(fā)代謝紊亂，導(dǎo)致寶寶出現(xiàn)嘔吐、頭痛、腹瀉、抽搐等癥狀，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致急性腎功能衰竭、黃疸性肝炎等。嬰兒補鋅過量的危害是不容忽視的，如果嚴(yán)重過量，可能會損傷大腦神經(jīng)元，導(dǎo)致記憶力下降。
 
另外，寶寶年齡還太小，腸胃功能仍未健全，過量的鋅很難被排出體外，體內(nèi)鋅含量過高還會抑制機體對鐵和銅、鈣等元素、維生素C的吸收，并引起缺鐵性貧血。鋅元素過量也會影響鈣吸收，使寶寶免疫力下降、抗病能力差。所以家長們要明確，補鋅過多會致鋅中毒，兒童尤其是嬰幼兒補鋅應(yīng)確定科學(xué)的服用劑量，以確保安全可靠。研究表明，攝入的鋅元素過多還會增加胃癌的發(fā)病率和死亡率。
 

嬰兒補鋅過量怎么辦

如果爸爸媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)給寶寶補鋅過量了，就要及時采取相應(yīng)的措施避免導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重后果了。嬰兒補鋅過量怎么辦？首先，父母在這個時候也不要太著急，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)補鋅過量就應(yīng)該馬上停止補充。一般來說，停止補鋅之后，寶寶的一些不適的癥狀也會慢慢消失。但是如果給嬰兒補鋅過量的程度嚴(yán)重，那么不良癥狀可能難以消除，自行解決顯然是不大可能的，這個時候就應(yīng)該及時送醫(yī)了。
 
另外，想要知道給寶寶補鋅是否過量，主要要看看家長在喂養(yǎng)中是否有盲目補鋅的情況。如果缺鋅的情況不嚴(yán)重，最好給寶寶通過食補的方式來補充，這樣也更加安全，因為食物中的鋅含量相對較少。確診為明顯缺鋅的寶寶，方可在醫(yī)生指導(dǎo)下給予硫酸鋅糖漿或葡萄糖酸鋅等制劑。一般用藥限定時間，不可超過2—4個月，復(fù)查正常后應(yīng)及時停藥。鋅的有效劑量與中毒劑量相距甚小，所以一旦爸爸媽媽們有任何給寶寶使用不當(dāng)?shù)那闆r都很容導(dǎo)致過量，誘發(fā)缺鐵、缺銅、貧血等一系列病癥。

 

嬰兒補鋅的用量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

嬰兒補鋅過量危害如此之大，家長們在給寶寶補鋅的時候一定要提前了解嬰兒補鋅的用量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。一般來說，補充鋅劑量宜根據(jù)寶寶的年齡、缺鋅的嚴(yán)重程度而定。對一般嬰幼兒吸收不良或丟失性缺鋅，開始可用每日1mg/kg硫酸鋅、葡萄糖酸鋅醋酸鋅口服均可,應(yīng)嚴(yán)密監(jiān)測血漿鋅含量。為了有利于吸收，口服鋅劑最好在飯前1至2小時。服鋅同時應(yīng)增加蛋白質(zhì)攝入及治療缺鐵性貧血，可使鋅缺乏改善更快。
 
不滿6個月的小寶寶每天約需鋅3毫克，7-12個月每天需鋅5毫克，1-10歲每天約需鋅10毫克。小兒每日補鋅量為0.6~1.5毫克/公斤體重。除了要注重補鋅的用量和補鋅的時間之外，對于成長發(fā)育中的寶寶最重要的還是科學(xué)安排一日三餐，即食物多樣化、多吃蔬菜水果和薯類、常吃奶類、豆類及其制品。需要提醒各位家長的是，鋅又被稱作性激動劑，如果盲目服用極易造成孩子性發(fā)育提前，所以補鋅千萬不可過量，一定要科學(xué)。如果家長朋友們無法把握好補鋅的量，也不知道自己寶寶到底是否缺鋅，那么可以前往醫(yī)院檢查，在醫(yī)生的指導(dǎo)下補鋅。

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