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缺乏微量元素易患近視 孩子近視眼原來是它們在作祟(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2016-10-14 17:15:50編輯：七七

除了缺乏鈣鋅等微量元素易患近視外，還有哪些因素也會導致近視的產(chǎn)生呢?

一、遺傳因素：

近視眼有一定遺傳傾向，已被公認，對高度近視更是如此。但對一般近視，這一傾向就不很明顯。

二、發(fā)育因素：

嬰兒因眼球較小，故均系遠視，但隨著年齡的增長，眼軸也逐漸加長，至青春期方發(fā)育正常，如發(fā)育過度，則形成近視，此種近視稱為單純性近視，多在學齡期開始。

三、環(huán)境因素：

1、戶外活動時間太少

現(xiàn)在的生活空間太狹小，孩子大多數(shù)時候都在室內(nèi)活動，近距離用眼的時候很多，而孩子的眼睛適應(yīng)性是很強的，它會自己調(diào)節(jié)去適應(yīng)這個近距離。而且，在屋里的時候多了，看電視、玩電腦的機會也就增多了，如果再不注意距離、姿勢，很容易讓眼睛過度疲勞。

2、以室內(nèi)游戲為主

戶外活動時，眼睛會自動調(diào)節(jié)去看不同距離的東西，遠近交替地用眼，使眼睛的睫狀肌得到調(diào)節(jié)，不會感到疲勞。而現(xiàn)在家長出于安全、方便等原因，多數(shù)情況下是讓孩子在家里玩。即使約了小朋友一起玩，不是去他家就是在你家，還是以室內(nèi)游戲為主。這樣，孩子都在近距離用眼，眼睛的負擔很重。

3、燈光強弱不當

“燈光夠不夠亮?我擔心燈光太暗了會影響孩子的視力。”我們一般都這么想。實際上，眼科專家認為，現(xiàn)在孩子看書、寫字的燈光不是太暗，而是太亮了。過強的光線會使孩子的眼睛很容易感到疲勞。孩子需要的是柔和的光，而且要保證光線來自于孩子的左前方。所以，晚上孩子看書、寫字時，可選擇能調(diào)節(jié)明暗度的燈，將亮度調(diào)到柔和為準。

5、圖書紙張、印刷太“講究”

越來越精美的印刷、越來越講究的紙張，使童書越來越具觀賞性了。不過，這些精美的圖書也有可能傷害到孩子的眼睛呢。銅版紙反光太強，晚上感覺尤其明顯，直晃眼睛。這種晃眼的光醫(yī)學上叫眩光，它使得你要看的東西更不清楚，眼睛更容易疲勞。孩子出生后，視力發(fā)育還沒有成熟，要一直發(fā)育到5 歲才接近成人水平。

以上全面的介紹了孩子缺乏鈣鋅等微量元素及其他可能會導致近視眼的因素，當發(fā)現(xiàn)這些原因就要注意全面的進行診斷和治療，才能讓近視眼得到很好的預防。

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