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兒童成語故事——《退避三舍》的故事

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2017-09-12 08:32:18編輯：橙子

中國的文化博大精深，比如詩詞歌賦、歷史文獻(xiàn)。其中，成語也是很值得人學(xué)習(xí)的一門學(xué)問。說到成語，有些成語我們不能光看字面上的意思去理解。比如退避三舍，如果只看這幾個字，就是指后退避讓很遠(yuǎn)的距離。

看到這個信息，我們很多人都會覺得，退避三舍是指害怕或者不想見某人而躲避起來的意思。事實卻并非如此，退避三舍其實是指為了避免矛盾而主動退讓的意思。一個成語不僅別有深意，而且也有其故事典故。今天我們就來看看退避三舍的故事。

退避三舍的故事

《退避三舍的故事》

春秋時候，晉獻(xiàn)公聽信讒言，殺了太子申生，又派人去捉拿申生的異母兄長重耳。重耳知道了這個事后，逃出了晉國，在異地他鄉(xiāng)流亡了十九年。

在逃亡的過程中，重耳經(jīng)過千辛萬苦來到楚國。楚成王見重耳忍辱負(fù)重，有王者之風(fēng)，認(rèn)為重耳日后必有大作為，就以國君之禮相迎，待他如上賓。

一天，楚王設(shè)宴招待重耳，兩人一邊喝酒一邊聊天，氣氛十分融洽。忽然楚王問重耳：“如果有一天你回到晉國當(dāng)上國君，該怎么報答我呢？”重耳略一思索說：“美女侍從、珍寶絲綢，大王您有的是，珍禽羽毛，象牙獸皮，更是楚地的盛產(chǎn)，晉國哪有什么珍奇物品獻(xiàn)給大王呢？”楚王說：“公子過謙了，話雖然這么說，可我待你如上賓，幫你躲避追捕，你總該對我有所表示吧？”重耳笑笑回答道：“要是托您的福，果真能回國當(dāng)政的話，我愿與貴國友好相處。但假如有一天，晉楚兩國之間無法避免的要發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭的話，我一定會命令軍隊先退避三舍（一舍等于三十里），再與您交戰(zhàn)。以此，來表達(dá)我對您的感激之情”

四年后，重耳真的如楚成王所言，回到晉國當(dāng)上了國君，也就是歷史上有名的晉文公。此后晉國在晉文公的治理下日益強(qiáng)大。

退避三舍的故事

公元前633年，楚國和晉國的軍隊果然在作戰(zhàn)時相遇。晉文公為了實現(xiàn)當(dāng)年他許下的諾言，下令軍隊后退九十里，駐扎在城濮。楚軍不知道晉文公之意，見晉軍后退，以為對方是害怕了，馬上追擊。因此晉軍利用楚軍驕傲輕敵的弱點，集中兵力，大破楚軍，取得了城濮之戰(zhàn)的勝利。

看了《退避三舍的故事》這個故事，相信我們很多人不僅僅是知道了退避三舍的意思是退讓，忍讓。同時也被晉文公，言必行，行必果的品格所折服。所以，退避三舍這個成語也是一國之君言而有信的見證。由此可見，成語所蘊(yùn)含的意義并不是單一的。不僅是退避三舍，中國千千萬萬的成語幾乎都有屬于自己的一個故事。

而每個故事都有其歷史意義。所以，成語既是說話用語，又涵蓋了深刻的含義。那么我們在學(xué)習(xí)成語，或是其他的知識時，都要知其然，更要知其所以然，這才是學(xué)習(xí)知識該有的態(tài)度。

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