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嬰幼兒哮喘居家護理10個注意事項(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2011-06-17 22:20:03編輯：admin

7.哮喘夜晚發(fā)作護理要點

首先要打開窗戶，讓新鮮空氣進入居室，隨后將病孩扶起坐在直背靠椅上，雙手環(huán)抱椅上角。如家中備有吸入氣霧劑，可立即吸入糖皮質(zhì)激素(如丙酸培氯松氣霧劑或必可酮)。家中若無氣霧劑，可任選用下面一種平喘藥，如氨茶堿、博利康尼或舒喘靈片，按說明書服。

必須強調(diào)，本病患兒夜晚發(fā)作如表現(xiàn)呼吸困難、面部及口唇青紫，大汗淋淋，應(yīng)急送附近醫(yī)院搶救；家有哮喘兒，應(yīng)常備氣霧劑和平喘藥以便應(yīng)急。

8.運動?？纱侔l(fā)哮喘

這是因為運動可從氣道丟失水分與熱量，造成氣道高滲狀態(tài)或氣道冷卻，致肥大細(xì)胞釋放化學(xué)介質(zhì)，造成支氣管痙攣。然而，運動誘發(fā)哮喘并不意味著需要停止運動，而是要控制哮喘。家長平時帶孩子到戶外散步、做廣播體操、玩游戲、慢跑、跳繩等。

9.補足維生素A可減少哮喘發(fā)作

國內(nèi)最新研究表明，哮喘患兒體內(nèi)血清中維生素A水平是低下的。換句話說，哮喘兒童多數(shù)存在維生素A亞臨床缺乏狀態(tài)。當(dāng)維生素A缺乏時，機體免疫功能下降，易致感染可能誘發(fā)及加重支氣管哮喘。

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